On terminologies in machine learning and other related areas

Every field speaks their own dialect. Some are here:

• Discrete outcome regression, multiclass logistic regression, softmax, maximum entropy (MaxEnt), multinomial logit, categorical data analysis.
• Multiple response, multivariate outcome, multiple outcome regression, multitask learning
• Ranking with co-variates, learning-to-rank
• Random effect models, collaborative filtering, recommender systems, matrix factorisation
• Subset selection, feature selection
• Binary regression, logistic regression, dichotomous regression
• Generalized linear additive models, neural networks
• Ordinal variables, ordered categorical variables
• Spatial models/processes with co-variates, conditional random fields
• Multiple binary outcomes, multivariate logistic, multilabel learning, multivariate probits
• Features, independent variables, input variables, risk factors, explanatory variables
• Models, machines, networks, architectures
• Structured outputs, networked classifier, collective classification, conditional random fields

(To be continued).